Primary treatment of early fistula of parotid duct with botulinum toxin type A injection

Abstract: Salivary duct injury can be idiopathic, iatrogenic, or post-trauma and may result in sialocele or fistula. Most injuries regress spontaneously and botulinum toxin A is one of several therapeutic possibilities. We report a case of iatrogenic injury to the parotid duct after Mohs' micographic surgery for a squamous cell carcinoma excision in the left jaw region, treated by injection of botulinum toxin type A. Although the fistula by duct injury can be self-limiting, botulinum toxin injection by promoting the inactivity of the salivary gland allows rapid healing of the fistula.

Colgajo temporal como alternativa reconstructiva en un carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo de la región parotídea / Temporal flap as a reconstructive alternative for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid region

El carcinoma epidermoide de piel posee una elevada incidencia en países pertenecientes al cinturón ecuatorial o con climas muy secos y soleados. Se relaciona con la exposición prolongada a las radiaciones ultravioletas, enfermedades como el Xeroderma Pigmentoso, dermatosis de larga evolución, infecciones e inmunosupresiones. Aparece con mucha frecuencia en la piel del territorio de cabeza y cuello, lo cual complejiza las posibilidades reconstructivas en muchos pacientes. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 66 años con diagnóstico de carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo en la región parotidea. Se efectuó una parotidectomía subtotal extendida a piel y se utilizó un colgajo miofascial temporal ipsilateral para la reconstrucción del defecto creado. El paciente se ha mantenido en seguimiento clínico por tres años y medio, no ha presentado recaídas, se encuentra controlado de su enfermedad y mantiene una buena apariencia estética. Esto refuerza la gran versatilidad de este colgajo dentro del arsenal reconstructivo(AU)

Epidermoid carcinoma of the skin has a high incidence in very dry and sunny countries or those belonging to the equatorial belt. It is related to lengthened exposure to ultraviolet radiation, diseases such as pigmentuous xeroderma, long evolution dermatosis, infections and immunosuppression. It appears frequently to the skin of the head and neck areas, which complicates reconstructive possibilities in many patients. The case of a 66-year-old male patient is presented, with a diagnosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the parotid region. An extended subtotal parotidectomy was performed to the skin and ipsilateral temporal myofascial flap was used for reconstruction of the occurring defect. The patient has remained in clinical follow-up for three years and a half, he has not presented relapses, his disease is under control and he maintain good aesthetic appearance. This reinforces the versatility of this flap within the reconstructive spectrum(AU)

Sialocele post-trauma sin lesión penetrante / Sialocele post-trauma without penetrating injury

El sialocele es una colección de saliva en los tejidos que rodean al conducto de la glándula o del parénquima sin un drenaje adecuado. Su causa más común es la extravasación de saliva producto a una disrupción del parénquima o conducto parotídeo secundario a un trauma cortante. Si el tratamiento del sialocele no se realiza en forma oportuna se puede generar una fístula externa, cicatrices faciales e infecciones secundarias. Un hombre de 24 años ingresado al Hospital con múltiples fracturas faciales sin trauma cortante. Luego de la disminución del edema, continuó el aumento de volumen en la región geniana en forma localizada, fluctuante, ovalada. La piel se encontraba distendida, asintomática, sin secreciones, con alteración de la función motora y sensorial en la región geniana derecha. Se realizó la aspiración del contenido del aumento de volumen. Después de 2 días recidivó. Se solicitó una Tomografía computarizada y se volvió a realizar aspiración del contenido para enviarlo a cultivo citológico. Se hizo el diagnóstico de sialocele post-trauma de la parótida y se realizó un vaciamiento del contenido y drenaje tipo penrose intraoral. Se controló al siguiente día sin recidivas y se retiró el drenaje a los 2 meses. Es importante tener en cuenta que se puede generar un sialocele post-trauma sin necesariamente ser cortante.

Sialocele is a collection of saliva in the tissues surrounding the duct of the gland or parenchyma without proper drainage. The most common cause is the extravasation of saliva product to a disruption of the parenchyma or parotid duct secondary to a cutting trauma. If sialocele treatment is not performed in a timely manner it can generate an external fistula, facial scars and secondary infections. Male admitted to hospital with multiple facial fractures. After the reduction of edema, continued increased volume in the preauricular region localized, fluctuating, oval. The skin was asymptomatic, without secretions, with impairment of motor and sensory function in the right genial region. The aspiration of the increase in volume under a hypothesized hematoma was performed. After 2 days recurred. A tomography scan was requested and returned to realize the aspiration of which was sent to cytological exam. The diagnosis was post-trauma sialocele parotid and was performed emptying the contents and drainage type penrose intraoral. Was control the next day without relapses and the drain was removed after 2 months. It ́s important to know that can generate a post-trauma sialocele without necessarily cutting trauma.

Giant sialocele following facial trauma

Injuries in the parotid and masseter region can cause serious impairment secondary to damage of important anatomical structures. Sialocele is observed as facial swelling associated with parotid duct rupture due to trauma. The aim of this paper is to report a case of a giant traumatic sialocele in the parotid gland, secondary to a knife lesion in a 40-year-old woman. Conservative measures could not promote clinical resolution and a surgical intervention for the placement of a vacuum drain was selected. Under local anesthesia, a small incision was performed adjacent to parotid duct papilla, followed by muscular divulsion and draining of significant amount of saliva. An active vacuum suction drain was placed for 15 days, aiming to form a new salivary duct. This technique was shown to be a safe, effective and low-cost option, leading to complete resolution and no recurrence after 28 months of follow up.

Lesões na região parotídea e massetérica podem causar danos importantes secundariamente à injúrias de estruturas anatômicas nobres. A sialocele é observada como um aumento de volume facial associado a ruptura do ducto parotídeo devido a trauma. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de sialocele parotídea gigante traumática, por arma branca, em uma paciente de 40 anos de idade. Em virtude do insucesso de medidas conservadoras de tratamento, uma intervenção cirúrgica por meio de instalação de um dreno à vácuo foi proposta. Sob anestesia local, uma pequena incisão foi realizada adjacente ao ducto da papila parotídea, seguida de divulsão do plano muscular e drenagem de quantidade significativa de saliva. Um dreno à vácuo foi instalado e mantido por 15 dias objetivando formar um novo ducto salivar. Esta técnica se mostrou segura, efetiva e de baixo custo, proporcionando a completa resolução do caso; não sendo observada recidiva em acompanhamento de 28 meses.

Sialocele: An unusual case report and its management.

A post traumatic parotid sialocele is an acquired lesion that arises from extravasation of saliva into glandular or periglandular tissues secondary to disruption of the parotid duct or parenchyma. Facial trauma and surgery in the parotid region are the most common causes of this rare condition. This paper presents an unusual incidence of post traumatic parotid sialocele after Le-Fort II fracture reduction and its management by relatively simple and cost-effective technique which can be carried out in routine dental surgery suite. The results achieved justify our recommendation of scalp vein cannula for the treatment of sialocele in clinical practice.

Fracture of the coronoid and pterygoid processes by firearms: case report

A rare case of fracture of the coronoid and the pterygoid process caused by firearms is described. A 28-year-old male was hit by a bullet in the face, resulting in restricted mouth opening, difficulty in chewing and pain when opening the mouth. Clinical examination revealed a perforating wound in the right parotid region and a similar wound on the left side of the same region. A CT scan showed comminuted fracture of the left coronoid process and bilateral comminuted fracture of the pterygoid processes. Treatment was conservative, speech therapy was conducted and it was successful. Details of the clinical signs, radiology (3D-CT scan), treatment and follow-up are presented.

Um caso raro de fratura dos processos coronóide e pterigóide por arma de fogo é descrito. Paciente do sexo masculino, 28 anos de idade, foi atingido por projétil de arma de fogo na face, resultando em limitação na abertura da boca, dificuldade para mastigar e dor ao abrir a boca. Exame clínico revelou ferimento perfurante em região parotídea direita e ferida similar do lado esquerdo na mesma região. Tomografia computadorizada (TC) mostrou fratura cominutiva do processo coronóide esquerdo e fratura cominutiva bilateral dos processo pterigóides. O tratamento foi conservador, através de fonoterapia, obtendo-se sucesso. Uma descrição detalhada das características clínicas, radiológicas (TC com reconstrução 3D), tratamento e proservação do caso é apresentada.

Biopsia por aspiración con aguja delgada en el diagnóstico de lesiones en región parotídea / Fine needle cytology in the diagnosis of parotid lesions

Objetivo. Determinar la utilidad de la biopsia por aspiración con aguja delgada en región parotídea en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en México. Material y métodos. Se estudiaron 136 biopsias por aspiración con aguja delgada en región parotídea entre enero de 1994 y agosto de 1999. Treinta y nueve casos (28.7 por ciento) fueron eliminados por ser inadecuados o insuficientes para diagnóstico y 37 (27.2 por ciento) fueron excluidos por no tener correlación histopatológica. Resultados. De los 60 casos con correlación histopatológica, 27 fueron lesiones benignas (seis procesos inflamatorios y 21 tumores benignos) y 33 neoplasias malignas. Seis neoplasias malignas fueron incorrectamente diagnosticadas como benignas y dos lesiones benignas fueron diagnosticadas como neoplasias malignas. La sensibilidad fue de 81.8 por ciento, la especificidad de 92.6 por ciento, el valor predictivo positivo de 93.1 por ciento, el valor predictivo negativo de 80.6 por ciento y la exactitud de la prueba de 86.6 por ciento. Conclusión. La biopsia por aspiración con aguja delgada es un procedimiento confiable y una herramienta valiosa en la evaluación de lesiones en región parotídea, pero no es un procedimiento definitivo en el manejo del paciente.

Parotid glandular fistula

Salivary fistula is a distressing complaint. Most of the parotid fistulae are due to trauma whether accidental or iatrogenic. Many lines of treatment were described but the results are not encouraging and not without complications. 11 patients [9 males and 2 females] with parotid glandular fistulae were included in this work. A minor surgical procedure in the form of excision of the fistulous tract and compression adhesive dressing was applied to the gland postoperatively for 7 days to compel saliva to find its normal ductal way. The results were highly encouraging as no postoperative complications occurred. Only one patient developed recurrence of the fistula. So this method deserves to be tried in all cases of parotid glandular fistula